OVERVIEW:  The SA-1a GUILD  SAM battalion fixed air defense unit intended to primarily defend Moscow against medium-to-high level air threats at medium range.

DETAILS:   Each SA-1 launch site consisted of four distinct sections: a launch area, the guidance radar area, the administrative/housing/technical support area, and an electrical power transformer station. The launcher area supported a  total of 60 missile launch pads per site.  About a mile from the launch area was the bunkered command center, and a pair of B-200 radar antennas, one providing azimuth coverage and one providing elevation coverage. A regiment to engage up to 20 targets simultaneously. It would appear that in the initial version, each regiment could only control 20 V-300 missiles against 20 targets. However, later system improvements allowed for the simultaneous targeting of 20 targets with up to three missiles. 

A typical engagement begins with the initial detection by the S-band VNIIRT R-113 Kama (GAGE) radar or the E\F band  A-100 "Kama" radar.  The target is then handed off to the B-200 (NATO name: YO-YO) missile targeting radars.  While the B-200 guidance system had a track-while-scan capability, it was limited to  having about 54 degree coverage in both the vertical and horizontal planes, restricting the field of fire for the system.


Specifications:

Maximum Acquisition Range: 	161 nm (GAGE) or 148 nm (KAMA)
Maximum Tracking Range:		81 nm (YO-YO)
Engagement Envelope:		3,000-59,000 ft (altitude),  4-18.5 nm range
 
Reload Time:			unknown  minutes
Mobility:			Fixed


NOTES: IOC: 1955-56.  The missile has a limited anti-ballistic missile (ABM) capability. The SA-1 was deployed at 56 sites arranged in two concentric rings around Moscow, with 22 sites in the inner ring at about 25 nm radius from the center of Moscow and 34 sites on the outer ring at about 45 nm radius. A typical site had 60 launch positions joined by a road network. 

SOURCES:  "Soviet/Russian SAM Site Configuration Part 1: S-25/SA-1,S-75/SA-2, S-125/SA-3 and S-200/SA-5." Accessed December 10, 2016. http://www.ausairpower.net/APA-Rus-SAM-Site-Configs-A.html#mozTocId357043 ; Zaloga, Steven J. "Defending the Kremlin: The First Generation of Soviet Strategic Air Defense Systems 1950-60." Accessed December 10, 2016. http://bobrowen.com/nymas/defendingthekremlin.htm ; "S-25 Berkut - Wikipedia." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Accessed December 10, 2016. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/S-25_Berkut ; "S-25 SA-1 GUILD Russia / Soviet Nuclear Forces." Accessed December 10, 2016. https://fas.org/nuke/guide/russia/airdef/s-25.htm.
