OVERVIEW:  The SA-21 Growler aka S-400 Triumf battery is a semi-mobile, long-range, high altitude SAM system intended for theater air and missile defense.  It is capable of intercepting stealth aircraft, cruise missiles and MRBMs using either semi-active radar homing or active radar homing missiles.

DETAILS:  

A S-400 battalion consists of eight launchers with 32 missiles and a mobile command post and 91N6E Big Bird acquisition radar. The S-400 Triumph uses the 9M96E and 9M96E2 missiles but can also use the 48N6E missile of the S-300 PMU-1 system as well as the 48N6E2 missile of the S-300 PMU-2 Favorit system.  A S-400 TEL has four missile containers housing one 48N6E or four 9M96 surface-to-air missiles.  This modular capability makes it possible to set up layered air defense using the S-400 system.  

 The S-400 uses the 91N6E Big Bird radar for acquisition and battle management.  This radar can detect and simultaneously track up to 300 aircraft, cruise and guided missiles, drones and ballistic rockets within 600km, and has an anti-stealth capability.  The S-400 uses the 92N2E Grave Stone radar for fire control and target tracking.  When operating autonomously, the system uses the 96L6 Cheese Board 3D surveillance and tracking radar. 

Command and Control is provided by the 55K6E command post, which monitors air space surveillance data from individual launch vehicles and controls and monitors long-range surveillance radar, tracks airborne threats, prioritizes the threats, and coordinates all batteries.
 
Optional acquisition radars cited for the S-400 include the 59N6 Protivnik GE and 67N6 Gamma DE in the L-band, or the 1L119 Nebo SVU in the VHF band. The Nebo SVU has a claimed capability against stealth aircraft. In addition to further acquisition radar types, the S-400 has been trialed with the Topaz Kolchuga M, KRTP-91 Tamara / Trash Can, and 85V6 Orion / Vega emitter locating systems, enabling engagements without emitting from the acquisition radars, or in high jamming environments.  

The system can simultaneously engage 36 targets and control up to 72 missiles simultaneously.  The system is also capable of exchanging data with other defense systems such as SA-12, SA-23, and S-300.


Specifications:

Maximum Acquisition Range: 	 324 nm (600 km)
Engagement Envelope, range:	 1.6-205 nm (air breathing)
				 2.6-32 nm (TBM)
 
Engagement Envelope, altitude:	 32-88,523ft; 27 km (up to 185 km if using the 40N6)
Max target speed: 		 9341 knots; Mach 15+
Kill probability:		 (using look-shoot-look)
Reload time:			 ?? minutes 
Reaction Time			 ?? seconds
Deployment Time:		 5-10 min
Mobility:			 road mobile

NOTES: IOC April 2007. The S-400 was developed as an upgrade of the S-300 series of surface-to-air missile systems.  The principal distinctions between the S-400 and the earlier S-300 is in refinements to the radar and software and the addition of four new missile types in addition to the legacy 48N6E/48N6E2 used in the S-300PMU2 Favorit.   
   
  

SOURCES: Administrator. "S-400 Triumf SA-21 Growler Air Defense Missile System Data" Defense News Security Global Military Army Equipment Technology Industry - Army Recognition. Last modified October 16, 2020. https://www.armyrecognition.com/russia_russian_missile_system_vehicle_uk/s-400_triumf_sa-21_growler_missile_russia_air_defense_system.html ; Kopp, Dr C. "Almaz-Antey 40R6 / S-400 Triumf / SA-21 SAM System  Air Power Australia. Accessed April 5, 2021. https://www.ausairpower.net/APA-S-400-Triumf.html ; "S-400 Triumph (SA-21 Growler) Air Defense Missile System | Military-Today.com." MILITARY TODAY - Everything About Modern Warfare. Accessed April 5, 2021. https://www.military-today.com/missiles/s400_triumph.htm; "S-400 Triumph Air Defence Missile System." Army Technology | Land Defence News & Views Updated Daily. Last modified February 3, 2020. https://www.army-technology.com/projects/s-400-triumph-air-defence-missile-system; "S-400 Triumph (SA-21 Growler) Air Defence Missile System." Thai Military and Asian Region. Last modified October 5, 2020. https://thaimilitaryandasianregion.wordpress.com/2016/11/02/s-400-triumph-sa-21-growler-air-defence-missile-system/ ; MILITARY-TECHNICAL COLLECTION. HISTORY OF DOMESTIC WEAPONS, FOREIGN MILITARY EQUIPMENT."  Accessed April 5, 2021. https://nevskii-bastion.ru/s-400-tm-2014/.